Railway transportation is the only major mode of transportation compared with sea transportation. Most of the import and export goods of sea transportation are concentrated and dispersed by railway transportation.
Railway transportation has many advantages. Generally, it is not affected by climate conditions, and can ensure normal transportation throughout the year. Moreover, the transportation volume is large, the speed is fast, and there is a high degree of continuity. There may be less risk in the transshipment process. It is simpler to handle railway freight formalities than sea transportation, and the consignor and consignee can handle consignment and picking up formalities at the nearest departure station (transfer station) and destination station.